In spring 2025, a survey revealed that one-third of young scientists planning academic research careers changed their minds. Conducted by the National Bureau of Economic Research, the survey showed diminishing confidence in staying in academia and the U.S., correlating with government changes in science funding and international student policies.
The study’s authors, including Raffaella Sadun from Harvard Business School, noted that anxiety over funding uncertainty was palpable among postdocs interviewed. A systematic survey of over 13,000 doctoral and postdoctoral researchers showed a significant drop in those keen to remain in academia (from 66% to 44%) and work in the U.S. (from 93% to 72%). Satisfaction with pursuing a Ph.D. also declined from 92% to 76%.
The findings raise concerns about the future of U.S. science and economic growth due to a potential talent exodus. The authors recognize that while many scientists express intentions to leave, actual migration may vary, representing an area for future research.
