Scientists have developed a unique swallowable paper battery capable of powering temporary medical devices within the body, eventually disintegrating harmlessly. Tested in pigs, it powered devices for up to three days, presenting a potential alternative to traditional batteries that require surgical extraction.
### How It Works
Traditional batteries are bulky and sealed to prevent leaks, but this biodegradable battery employs materials that dissolve safely in the acidic environment of the gastrointestinal tract. Constructed in layers, it features a magnesium alloy anode, a molybdenum trioxide and activated carbon cathode, and a biodegradable electrolyte, generating electric current without toxic residues.
The battery’s paper-like structure enhances its strength and degradation control while allowing electricity production. To prevent premature breakdown from stomach acid, it’s coated with beeswax or candelilla wax, crucial for managing its functional lifespan.
### Performance and Application
The smaller model fits into a standard gelatin capsule, producing approximately 1.77 volts. Laboratory tests show it has enough capacity for low-power electronics. A larger version outputs around 1.84 volts, sufficient for devices requiring a bit more power, though its capacity is still relatively low compared to traditional batteries.
In live tests, the batteries powered devices that monitored drug intake and stimulated the stomach, promoting a hunger-related hormone without harm.
Challenges remain, particularly in standardizing manufacturing for consistent performance. Future plans include longer trials to better mimic human gastrointestinal conditions.
### Next Steps
The research team aims for an initial clinical trial of the RFID system in about two years. With further development, these biodegradable batteries hold promise for transforming how temporary medical devices are powered, minimizing the need for invasive procedures.
