Authorities in Rome have unveiled what is thought to be the largest fresco and mosaic complex from ancient Rome, dating back to the 1st century AD. These stunning works, dubbed the “Painted City” fresco and “Great Mosaic,” were discovered during 1990s excavations at the Baths of Trajan, near the Colosseum.
Mayor Robert Gualtieri announced that the restored artworks will be accessible to the public for the first time, initially in small groups during a trial weekend access period. This approach will help assess the effects of humidity and climate on the delicate pieces before broader public access is granted.
The fresco, showcasing a bird’s-eye view of a walled port city, is deemed the largest of its kind, highlighting its significant artistic and historical value. Cultural superintendent Claudio Parisi Presicce noted the well-preserved grandeur of the port city depicted, which includes various structures like a theater, temple, piazzas, and towers, although the exact city it represents remains uncertain.
Meanwhile, the mosaic stands approximately 15 meters high and features detailed architectural elements across four levels. Recent restorations revealed another representation of a port city at its base.
The Baths of Trajan, inaugurated by Emperor Trajan in 109 AD, spanned six hectares and were the largest bath complex of their time, integrating the earlier Domus Aurea baths while optimizing the thermal experience for users. The newly opened section includes an impressive upper-level “library,” suggesting that the baths were also a center for cultural engagement, alongside bathing and sports activities.
