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The Best Vitamins for COVID
1. Vitamin C
While the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has not found sufficient evidence to outright recommend vitamin C for COVID-19, some studies suggest positive effects from its usage.
Research published in 2022 in AIMS Microbiology indicates that high doses of vitamin C may help to mitigate inflammation, enhance oxygen levels, and decrease mortality rates in COVID-19 patients. However, other scientists caution that the evidence is not definitive enough to confirm its effectiveness in treating or preventing the illness.
Nutritionist Sharon Palmer, RDN, states that a sufficient intake of vitamin C, alongside B vitamins, magnesium, and zinc, can lower oxidative stress, which in turn may protect against cellular damage.
“Incorporating a variety of fruits and vegetables, rich in antioxidants and essential phytochemicals, is always advisable,” adds Palmer.
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2. Vitamin D
Vitamin D gained heightened attention during the pandemic, with extensive research exploring its relationship with COVID-19.
A 2023 systematic review of 13 randomized controlled trials published in Nutrients suggests that high doses of vitamin D may reduce the duration of hospitalization related to COVID-19 and lower ICU admission rates. However, the data showed no significant impact on overall mortality, as explained by registered dietitian Ali Bandier from New York.
The findings surrounding vitamin D supplementation’s impact on COVID-19 outcomes are mixed. A different 2023 review showed no substantial influence on ICU admissions, ventilation, or mortality rates. In contrast, another study published in Epidemiology and Health found that insufficient levels of vitamin D may exacerbate the severity of the illness, making it advisable to maintain optimal levels for prevention.
The NIH currently advises caution, citing insufficient evidence for or against vitamin D use in COVID-19 cases. It is also worth noting that vitamin D can be toxic in excessive amounts, making it essential to consult a healthcare provider.
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3. Zinc
Extensive research suggests that the mineral zinc may bolster your defenses against COVID-19.
A small-scale 2023 study indicated that zinc supplementation might result in lower rates of mortality and hospitalization, and it could also shorten symptom duration. Further 2023 research found reductions in mortality but no significant effects on symptoms.
The NIH has noted that there is insufficient evidence to recommend routine zinc supplementation for COVID-19 patients and advises against excessive intake of zinc. Men should limit intake to 11 milligrams (mg) daily, while women who are not pregnant should aim for 8 mg.
13 Foods That Are High in Zinc to Help You Fight Your Next Virus
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4. Melatonin
Several studies have investigated the hormone melatonin as a potential treatment for COVID-19. A 2022 study published in Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences concluded that melatonin can assist in controlling the cytokine storm, a severe immune response associated with COVID-19. This report suggests that melatonin might enhance cell survival and diminish lung damage.
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5. Probiotics
While there’s still much uncertainty regarding the specific probiotic strains that could potentially influence COVID-19 treatment or prevention, a study published in 2022 in Elsevier – PMC COVID-19 Collection highlights the importance of maintaining a healthy gut microbiome.
A subsequent review of various studies revealed that probiotics may help reduce inflammation, alleviate symptoms, and shorten hospital stays. The authors suggest that these supplements might enhance respiratory health via the gut-lung connection.
“Given that the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the immune response, incorporating probiotics and fermentable fibers is wise during any infection, including COVID,” Palmer advises.
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Supplements for COVID-19 Support
According to nutritionist Ali Bandier, the pandemic has undeniably spurred an increase in dietary supplement sales as individuals strive to boost their immune health.
Continuous research is crucial; reviewing the supplements currently being studied and the latest guidelines may help shape your decisions on whether to take these supplements.
